PROSTHETIC DENTAL TREATMENT - PROSTHETIC DENTAL APPLICATION
The process of replacing the function and aesthetics of lost teeth by using various prostheses is called prosthetic dental treatment. Many alternative prosthetic methods can be applied in the rehabilitation of the missing tooth or area. Prosthetic dental treatment is a type of dental treatment applied to restore oral aesthetics as well as loss of function due to teeth lost for different reasons. Despite all the efforts of physicians, teeth lost due to dental and gingival diseases cause a disruption in daily activities such as chewing and speaking.
Tooth loss, which may occur due to trauma and accidents, can cause damage to a person's self-confidence. In addition, it can cause the person to avoid smiling, which can lead to the formation of some psychological disorders. In order to eliminate all these factors, missing teeth must be completed with different methods.
WHAT IS PROTHETIC DENTAL TREATMENT ?
Today, there are 8 different main specialties in dentistry. Prosthetic dental treatment methods are one of these specialties. In case of loss of teeth or teeth due to different factors, the gap that occurs in the mouth causes the functions of the person such as chewing and speaking to be negatively affected. In addition to all these, aesthetic concerns may also arise. In this situation, which causes the person to be isolated from social life, prosthetic dental treatment methods come into play.
Basically, different types of prosthesis are applied to replace the lost tooth with prosthetic dental treatments. Prosthetic treatments are applied by prosthodontists, who can be defined as prosthodontists. These physicians, also called prosthodontists, receive training in the department of prosthodontics in addition to dentistry. Prosthodontists, who have a very wide treatment area, deal with the application of fixed and removable prosthesis in the mouth, as well as the support of this tooth with porcelain crowns after root canal treatment.
Today, the science of prosthetic dentistry, which is also defined as aesthetic dentistry, sometimes works with other dentistry specialties such as orthodontics in a multidisciplinary approach. Prosthodontists, or prosthodontists, basically deal with replacing the damaged or lost tooth with prosthesis applications. At this point, it is important that the prosthesis to be preferred is determined according to the needs of the patient and that the prosthesis is the same size and color as the natural teeth. Prosthetic dental treatments are often also known as aesthetic dental treatments, due to the use of prosthetic teeth instead of existing tissue. At this point, although the aesthetic appearance is very important, the main thing in the treatment of prosthetic teeth is to regain the chewing and speaking skills of the person.
Depending on the wrong applications made for aesthetics, undesirable results such as the absence of some sounds during the person's speech or the biting of the cheeks may occur. Therefore, while the lost tooth is regained with prosthesis applications, aesthetic concerns, especially functionality, are eliminated. In cases where all teeth are lost, total dentures are applied by prosthetic dentists.
WHO IS APPLIED TO PROTECTIVE DENTAL TREATMENT ?
Prosthetic dental treatment is mostly applied to patients who are late for treatment. Thus, the lost tooth or teeth can be regained with different types of prosthesis. Prosthetic treatment methods make the person feel better in terms of function and aesthetics. While the chewing and speaking function is restored to the person, it is ensured that the person feels good in terms of comfort and aesthetics. In this sense, prosthetic dental treatments are one of the important branches of dentistry. The materials used in prosthetic dental treatment are in a wide range.
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF PROSTHESIS USED IN PROSTHETIC DENTAL TREATMENT ?
Although fixed and removable prostheses are generally used in prosthetic dental treatment, implant-supported prostheses can also be evaluated within this scope:
FIXED PROSTHESES
Fixed prostheses are a type of prosthesis made by taking support from existing healthy teeth or implants. These prostheses are fixed in the mouth with different chemicals. Some of the commonly used fixed prosthesis types can be listed as follows:
CROWN
Crown, also known as veneer, can be defined as the removal of factors that disrupt the integrity of the teeth caused by large caries and tooth fractures. Thus, the integrity of the person's teeth is preserved and the functionality of the tooth is restored. In addition, the spaces between the teeth can be closed with a crown. Crown applications are made by fixing the veneer on the tooth after the tooth is slightly reduced.
METAL SUPPORTED PORCELAIN COATING
Although the outer part of this type of prosthesis visible in the mouth is porcelain, the inside of the coating consists of metal. Therefore, the light transmittance is low. Therefore, although metal-supported porcelain veneers are aesthetically beautiful, they can create problems in terms of naturalness. It is not recommended to be applied on the anterior teeth of patients with high aesthetic expectations.
ZIRCONIUM SUPPORTED COATING
Zirconium veneers with high light transmittance are the type of veneer that is closest to the natural appearance in this respect. In these applications, which are also known as zirconium supported porcelain veneers, the visible part of the tooth consists of porcelain and the inner part consists of zirconium.
CERAMIC COATING
Composite lamina or ceramic crown applications are made without the need to reduce the tooth too much. The process performed at this point can be referred to as the abrasion of the tooth. There is no metal in the lower part of this type of coating. Ceramic coatings are produced from reinforced porcelain. It is known as the most aesthetically advanced coating type. With this aspect, it is frequently used especially for the restoration of anterior teeth.
BRIDGE
In the bridge treatment applied in cases where one or more teeth are lost, healthy teeth next to the existing tooth gap are used as bridge pillars. In bridge treatment, which can be done with different techniques such as traditional, winged and suspended, a prosthesis is applied to replace the lost tooth or tooth group. Thus, the functionality and aesthetics lost by the person are regained.
MOVABLE PROSTHESES
Removable prostheses, also known as palate prostheses, are applied to people who have lost all their teeth for different reasons. With the loss of all teeth, the lips of the person shrink inward. This causes the person to look much older than they are. Also, speech is impaired. Some sounds become impossible to produce.
The biggest problem is the deterioration of the person's nutrition. Since the chewing function cannot be fully fulfilled, the person has difficulty in consuming many foods. These removable teeth are designed to receive support from the tissues in the mouth. Thus, the loss of function and aesthetics caused by the loss of all teeth can be eliminated.
ON IMPLANT PROSTHESES
This type of prosthesis can be defined as the placement of fixed or removable prostheses on existing or future implants. The basic principle in implant prostheses, which can be applied to people who have no teeth but have the appropriate bone level for the implant, is to ensure the attachment of removable or fixed prostheses.
The prosthesis is fixed in the slots in the implants in the jaw. Thus, the holding power of the prosthesis increases, giving the person better chewing and speaking functions. For fixed prosthesis, 4 to 6 implants are made in the lower jaw and 6 to 8 implants in the upper jaw, depending on the size of the jaw.
For a removable prosthesis, there should be 2 to 4 implants in the lower jaw and at least 4 implants in the upper jaw. Fixed dentures on implants and removable dentures on implants can be made of materials such as metal, ceramic and zirconium.
Bone loss is prevented as implant-supported prostheses provide power transmission to the bone tissue. Thanks to these prostheses, smile aesthetics can be rearranged. Implant prostheses made by specialist physicians under appropriate conditions can be used for many years.
